At a high level, the DNS protocol operates (using OSI model terminology) at the application level, also known as Layer 7. This...
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, which means a connection is established and maintained until the applications at each end have finished exchanging...
DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC) is a security protocol created to mitigate this problem. DNSSEC protects against attacks by digitally signing data to...
DNS is an Application-layer protocol. The Application layer is the top-most layer on the TCP/IP Model. Just like every application layer protocol,...
DNS uses TCP for Zone transfer and UDP for name, and queries either regular (primary) or reverse. UDP can be used to...
1.1.1.1 is a public DNS resolver operated by Cloudflare that offers a fast and private way to browse the Internet. Unlike most...
Custom DNS changes the default DNS server your device uses to access websites and services. It can help improve your connection speeds...
This can happen when the VPN client is not assigned an internal network DNS server address, or assigned no DNS server address...
Normally VPNs handle DNS entirely on their own, making absolutely sure no-one else can see or log the domains you’re visiting. But...
By default, in the advanced settings, the OpenVPN client uses Google DNS servers as a fallback if the VPN tunnel doesn’t define...